• Login
    • Join
  • Subscribe Free
    • Magazine
    • eNewsletter
    Checkout
    • Magazine
    • News
    • Exclusives
    • Applications
    • Technology
    • Market
    • Other
    • Top 40
    • Buyers Guide
    • Hygiene Directory
    • More
  • Magazine
  • News
  • Exclusives
  • Applications
  • Technology
  • Market
  • Other
  • Top 40
  • Buyers Guide
  • Hygiene Directory
  • Current / Back Issues
    Features
    Editorial
    Columns
    Digital Edition
    Southeast Asia Edition
    eNewsletter Archive
    Editorial Guidelines
    Subscribe Now
    Advertise Now
    Top Features
    Fluff Pulp Market Faces Year of Transition

    Roofing & Construction Report

    Investment Continues for Needlepunch Nonwovens

    Sustainability Report

    Spunmelt Nonwovens Update
    Company Cameo
    Financial News
    Machinery Equipment
    New Products
    Nonwovens News
    Patent Review
    People in the News
    Supplier News
    Top News
    Live From Shows
    Top News
    Freudenberg to Present Battery Pack and Liquid Absorbers at Battery Show

    The Honest Company to Sell Diapers, Wipes at Walmart

    Thinx Launches Moist Panties Campaign

    Weekly Recap: Ontex Confirms Possibility of Attindas Deal, Purell Launches New Wipes & More

    EDANA Celebrates 50th Anniversary
    Nonwovens Insights
    Online Exclusives
    Adult Incontinence
    Absorbent Core
    Antimicrobials
    Apparel
    Automotive and Transportation
    Face Masks
    Chemicals / Adhesives
    Construction
    Contract Services
    Diaper, Baby
    Electronics
    Feminine Hygiene
    Fibers
    Filtration
    Flame Retardance
    Geotextile / Agrotextile
    Home Products
    Hygiene Film/Components
    Industrial / Institutional
    Inspection / Quality Control
    Machinery and Equipment
    Medical
    Wipes

    The Honest Company to Sell Diapers, Wipes at Walmart

    Thinx Launches Moist Panties Campaign

    Vegeto Turns Milkweed Fibers into Nonwovens

    INDA Names Three Finalists for WOW Innovation Award

    Proof Launches Reusable Period Products in Walmart Stores
    Air Through Bonding
    Airlaid
    Carded/Carding
    Chemical Bonded
    Composite
    Meltblown
    Needlepunch
    Nanotechnology
    Spunbond
    Spunbond/Spunmelt
    Spunlace
    Thermal Bonded
    Wetlaid

    Executive Talks: 5K Fibres' President Doug Brown

    Borealis, Grabher Partner to Recycle Face Masks

    Glatfelter, Blue Ocean Closures Receives Sustainability Award at IDEA22

    Investment Continues for Needlepunch Nonwovens

    Murtra Nonwovens
    China
    Eastern Europe/Russia
    India
    Middle East/North Africa
    North America
    Pacific Rim
    South/Central America
    Turkey
    Western Europe

    Sub-Saharan Africa’s Specialist Nonwovens and Fibers Capability is Growing Steadily

    Southeast Asian 5 Nonwoven Capacity and Demand Development

    Chinese Baby Diaper Brands

    Retail Disposable Hygiene in Southeast Asia and China: Growth Outlook, Challenges, Opportunities

    Albarrie Installs Stenter
    Associations
    Contracts / Awards
    Education
    Facilities / Capacity
    Green / Sustainability
    Legal / Regulatory
    Market Data
    Flushability
    Mergers and Acquisitions
    Product Improvement / Innovation
    R&D/Basic Research
    Shows / Events

    Vegeto Turns Milkweed Fibers into Nonwovens

    Rif care Launches Hemp-Based Period Products

    Boots to Prohibit Sale of Plastic-Based Wipes

    Dyper Partners with rePurpose Global to Remove Nearly 100,000 KG of Plastic Waste from Environment

    Borealis, Grabher Partner to Recycle Face Masks
    Chart
    Companies
    All Companies
    Categories
    Company Profiles
    Add New Company
    International Buyers Guide Companies
    Valco Melton

    Alliance Machine and Engraving

    Schott & Meissner Maschinen- und Anlagenbau GmbH

    Robinson, Inc.

    WEIMA America, Inc.
    Brands
    Brand Owners
    • Magazine
      • Current / Back Issues
      • Features
      • Editorial
      • Columns
      • Digital Edition
      • Southeast Asia Edition
      • eNewsletter Archive
      • Editorial Guidelines
      • Subscribe Now
      • Advertise Now
    • Breaking News
    • Buyers Guide
      • All Companies
      • Categories
      • Company Profiles
      • Add Your Company
    • Applications
      • Absorbent Core
      • Adult Incontinence
      • Antimicrobials
      • Apparel
      • Automotive and Transportation
      • Chemicals / Adhesives
      • Construction
      • Contract Services
      • Diaper, Baby
      • Electronics
      • Feminine Hygiene
      • Fibers
      • Filtration
      • Flame Retardance
      • Geotextile / Agrotextile
      • Home Products
      • Hygiene Film/Components
      • Industrial / Institutional
      • Inspection / Quality Control
      • Machinery and Equipment
      • Medical
      • Wipes
      • Face Masks
    • Technology
      • Air Through Bonding
      • Airlaid
      • Carded/Carding
      • Chemical Bonded
      • Composite
      • Meltblown
      • Needlepunch
      • Nanotechnology
      • Spunbond
      • Spunlace
      • Thermal Bonded
      • Wetlaid
      • Spunbond/Spunmelt
    • Market
      • China
      • Eastern Europe/Russia
      • India
      • Middle East/North Africa
      • North America
      • Pacific Rim
      • South/Central America
      • Turkey
      • Western Europe
    • Other
      • Associations
      • Contracts / Awards
      • Education
      • Facilities / Capacity
      • Green / Sustainability
      • Legal / Regulatory
      • Market Data
      • Mergers and Acquisitions
      • Product Improvement / Innovation
      • R&D/Basic Research
      • Shows / Events
      • Flushability
    • Top 40 Companies
      • Chart
      • Companies
    • Online Exclusives
    • Slideshows
    • Hygiene Directory
      • Brands
      • Brand Owners
    • Experts Opinions
    • Videos
    • Podcasts
    • Infographics
    • Whitepapers
    • Events
      • Industry Events
      • Live From Show Events
      • Webinars
      • Live From Asian Connections
    • Jobs
    • Resources
      • Suppliers Gallery
      • Literature Showcase
      • Web Showcase
      • Home Page Showcase
    • About Us
      • About Us
      • Contact Us
      • Advertise With Us
      • Privacy Policy
      • Terms of Use
    Features

    The Preservation of Bulk – Part II

    Bulk can be lost if the nonwoven is tender.

    The Preservation of Bulk – Part II
    Figure 1
    The Preservation of Bulk – Part II
    Figure 2
    The Preservation of Bulk – Part II
    Figure 3
    Related CONTENT
    • Erhardt Nonwovens (E. Erhardt y Cia)
    • Beta Machinery
    • German Technology Meets Indian Customers
    • Indian Manufacturing is on the Rise
    • Higher Volumes Boost Ontex’s Revenue
    David R. Roisum, Finishing Technologies, Inc.06.01.18
    Last time we talked about the challenges of measuring bulk or thickness. Here we will talk about why bulk can be lost if the nonwoven is tender. Worse yet, any loss will be nonuniform. In short, the average nonwoven thickness will decrease and the variation of thickness will increase. The common operation that will likely do this, almost guaranteed to do this, is the winder.

    What do we mean by tender? Scientists call behavior like this ‘creep.’ It is the slow, steady and permanent change in length (when in tension), width (when in tension due to necking) and/or bulk (when under Z-direction pressure). We will focus on pressure because that is the easiest to understand and may be the larger concern for many. The first thing we need to know is what the pressure is on each of the layers in the winding roll. While the exact numbers depend on the details, the trend is the same for all winders, run under all settings and for all nonwovens and in fact all materials of any kind. In short, pressure is guaranteed by the laws of winding physics. The only substantial difference in materials is that, for example, the pressures in a roll of newspaper, perhaps 50 psi, is greater than nonwovens, which is greater than tissue which is less than one psi of pressure. Even though this is less for our products, nonwovens are extremely tender compared to newspaper which is also changed and damaged during winding.

    As seen in Figure 1, the pressure is highest at the core, medium in the middle and low, in fact zero, at the outside of the roll.  So what happens if the pressure in the roll is enough to cause creep, as it almost always will be? Where pressure is highest, near the core, the bulk or thickness will be permanently less. As seen in Figure 2, the loss at the core will be greater than the loss in the middle which is greater than the loss at the outside.

    While is it true that some of this will be recovered elastically as soon as the material is unwound and some will be recovered with time, known as memory, there will be a measureable permanent loss. The permanent loss of bulk may range from less than 5% on newspaper to an incredible 50% on tender nonwovens. Worse yet, it is nonuniform. Customers who sample material from the top will see bulky material and those who get it from the bottom will see crushed material. The longer the material sits in the roll, the worse it gets.  Yet, even if you unwound immediately you would suffer from permanent and nonuniform bulk loss. The higher the temperature of storage, the worse it gets. Yet, even if you store at room temperature you would suffer from permanent and nonuniform bulk loss.

    If this were not messy enough, we have one additional inevitable complication: gravity. When supporting a roll by the core during winding or unwinding, the pressures of the core lifting the inside of the roll can be quite large. Even if the winding/unwinding time is short, the very large pressures may permanently crush material above the core. So notice that the pressures due to winding and the pressures due to core support are in the same place as seen in Figure 3. We need to know which is largest because they have quite different solutions. In the former case it is wind looser and in the latter case it is wind smaller rolls on larger cores. The difference can be seen by measuring bulk loss on a trial small sized roll. If bulk loss is similar, it is winding. If bulk loss is reduced, part of it is crushed by roll weight.

    So, what should we do? Wind looser by reducing the winder TNT’s (Tension, Nip and Torque) settings to the extent possible which may be some limitation of the winder or, more likely, making rolls too soft to store and ship. In future products we should consider DFM (design for manufacturability). Here we treat the winder as a customer as fully as we do the end-use customer. Otherwise, we may risk designing a material that can not be safely stored in a wound roll and thus must be stored in a stack or box.
    Related Searches
    • winding
    • unwinding
    • products
    • nonwovens
    Related Knowledge Center
    • Contract Services
    Suggested For You
    Erhardt Nonwovens (E. Erhardt y Cia) Erhardt Nonwovens (E. Erhardt y Cia)
    Beta Machinery Beta Machinery
    German Technology Meets Indian Customers German Technology Meets Indian Customers
    Indian Manufacturing is on the Rise Indian Manufacturing is on the Rise
    Higher Volumes Boost Ontex’s Revenue Higher Volumes Boost Ontex’s Revenue
    Hygienika Dystrybucja S.A. Hygienika Dystrybucja S.A.
    Suominen’s Sales Fall Slightly Suominen’s Sales Fall Slightly
    BeBop Sensors Gains Funding BeBop Sensors Gains Funding
    Regulations Round Up Regulations Round Up
    It Takes a Village to Make a Wet Wipe It Takes a Village to Make a Wet Wipe
    K-C Legal Win: What Does it Mean? K-C Legal Win: What Does it Mean?
    The Value of Bulk The Value of Bulk
    Company Formed Dedicated to Nonwovens Improvement Company Formed Dedicated to Nonwovens Improvement
    Ahlstrom-Munksjo Offers Green Solution for Tea Bag Market Ahlstrom-Munksjo Offers Green Solution for Tea Bag Market
    Tender Tender

    Related Content

    • Erhardt Nonwovens (E. Erhardt y Cia)

      ...
      Alberto Harriero, Business Development 06.18.21

    • Beta Machinery

      Beta Machinery

      ...
      Michele Crosta, Marketing Manager 05.04.21

    • India | Machinery and Equipment
      German Technology Meets Indian Customers

      German Technology Meets Indian Customers

      VDMA conference is set in Mumbai
      06.01.18


    • India

      Indian Manufacturing is on the Rise

      Solid rise will stimulate job creation
      05.14.18

    • Higher Volumes Boost Ontex’s Revenue

      Company witnesses growth in baby pants, adult incontinence and femcare
      05.10.18

      Breaking News
      • 'Right' Hygiene Conference to be Held in June
      • Freudenberg to Present Battery Pack and Liquid Absorbers at Battery Show
      • H&V Appoints Vice President and General Counsel
      • The Honest Company to Sell Diapers, Wipes at Walmart
      • Jim Cree Joins Monadnock Nonwovens
      View Breaking News >
      CURRENT ISSUE

      May 2022

      • Fluff Pulp Market Faces Year of Transition



      Cookies help us to provide you with an excellent service. By using our website, you declare yourself in agreement with our use of cookies.
      You can obtain detailed information about the use of cookies on our website by clicking on "More information”.

      • About Us
      • Privacy Policy
      • Terms And Conditions
      • Contact Us

      follow us

      Subscribe
      Nutraceuticals World

      Latest Breaking News From Nutraceuticals World

      Bilberon Bilberry Extract Receives U.S. Patent For Eye Strain, Neck/Shoulder Pain
      Jordan Process Receives Nutrasource ICAP Certification for CBD
      FDA Warns About Steroids or Steroid-Like Substances in Bodybuilding Supplements
      Coatings World

      Latest Breaking News From Coatings World

      Award for Sustainability: Evonik Receives EcoVadis Platinum Rating Again
      HMG Paints Gets Their Running Shoes On
      AGM Secures Exclusive Distribution Agreement with Indian Partner Imkemex
      Medical Product Outsourcing

      Latest Breaking News From Medical Product Outsourcing

      Medical Device Connectivity Market to Grow 10-Fold by 2031
      Robocath Presents Results from R-Evolution Clinical Study
      Medtronic's Resolute Onyx Drug-Eluting Stent Shows Success for Left Main PCI
      Contract Pharma

      Latest Breaking News From Contract Pharma

      BioMoti Partners with Pharma Company to Develop Ovarian Cancer Treatment
      AGC Biologics Expands Capabilities at North America Campus
      WCG Appoints Sam Srivastava CEO
      Beauty Packaging

      Latest Breaking News From Beauty Packaging

      Lush Cosmetics Launches ‘Gay is OK’ Soap
      Mielle Organics Welcomes Steve Pamon to Advisory Board
      Makeup Revolution Expands into Walgreens
      Happi

      Latest Breaking News From Happi

      Croda Supports 2022 IFSCC Congress with Platinum Sponsorship
      Revolution Beauty Expands Makeup Revolution Into Walgreens
      Barentz Develops Electronic Personal Care Product Guide
      Ink World

      Latest Breaking News From Ink World

      Award for Sustainability: Evonik Receives Platinum Rating Again
      Nazdar Ink Technologies to Showcase Latest Ink Innovations at FESPA Global Print Expo 2022
      Epson Introduces First Direct-to-Fabric Printer for North America
      Label & Narrow Web

      Latest Breaking News From Label & Narrow Web

      EyeC unveils revamped website
      Grace Imaging gets boost from GM finishing equipment
      In-Mold Decorating Association announces 2022 IMDA Awards Competition
      Nonwovens Industry

      Latest Breaking News From Nonwovens Industry

      'Right' Hygiene Conference to be Held in June
      Freudenberg to Present Battery Pack and Liquid Absorbers at Battery Show
      H&V Appoints Vice President and General Counsel
      Orthopedic Design & Technology

      Latest Breaking News From Orthopedic Design & Technology

      Cionic Expands Scientific Advisory Board
      First Surgeries Performed Using Globus Medical's Excelsius3D
      Envista To Acquire Osteogenics
      Printed Electronics Now

      Latest Breaking News From Printed Electronics Now

      Wiliot Launches Battery-Assisted Version of its IoT Pixel Tags
      From Phygital to Virtual IDs
      Zebra Technologies Board Approves Additional $1 Billion Share Repurchase

      Copyright © 2022 Rodman Media. All rights reserved. Use of this constitutes acceptance of our privacy policy The material on this site may not be reproduced, distributed, transmitted, or otherwise used, except with the prior written permission of Rodman Media.

      AD BLOCKER DETECTED

      Our website is made possible by displaying online advertisements to our visitors.
      Please consider supporting us by disabling your ad blocker.


      FREE SUBSCRIPTION Already a subscriber? Login